The most overpriced players and bargains from the summer transfer window revealed

Football transfers are a lot more complex that you may think, with a multitude of factors coming into question when a club considers buying a player, though financial factors are usually the most crucial.

Fees are often inflated for players as selling clubs try to get the most for their asset, and so discussions on which club got the better deal spark to life in the footballing world.

According to Football Benchmark, there are clear lists for the top 10 overpriced signings and a top 10 bargain signings of the summer.

The market value estimation of a player is based on comparable past deals, the quality of the player, their position, age, contract length, and other factors.

The transfer fee can be influenced by factors such as the player's remaining contract, the urgency of the buying club, market trends for that position, commercial value and several more reasons.

At the top of Football Benchmark's overpriced list is Chelsea's Moises Caicedo, bought for €116 million from Brighton, the midfielder only had a market value of €76.4 million, which indicates an overpayment of almost €40 million.

Next is Arsenal's Declan Rice who caused the Gunners to fork out €116.6 million, while his market value was €77.3 million, with just 12 months left of Rice's contract.

Both of these players rank in the top five of most expensive Premier League transfers ever.

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Fifth on the list is another Chelsea new boy, Romeo Lavia, for whom Chelsea paid Southampton at a surplus of €21.5 million over his pre-transfer market value.

The Saudi Pro League appears three times on this list, all under Al-Ahli as they have overpaid by a total of €80.8 million for the likes of Neymar, Rúben Neves, and Aleksandar Mitrovic in comparison to their pre-transfer values.

Harry Kane also features in ninth place, as his €100 million move to Bayern Munich despite having just a year left on his Spurs contract means his market value was exceeded by €18 million.

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When it comes to bargain transfers, Jude Bellingham surprisingly sits in first place, as his market value of €152.3 million is well above the fee of €103 million that Real Madrid paid Borussia Dortmund.

Another notable name on this list is Christopher Nkunku, as Chelsea signed their man for over €30 million less than his market value, which puts the Frenchman at third.

FC Barcelona featured twice on this list as a seller, for Frank Kessié and Nico González, highlighting their financial struggles and limiting bargaining power, forcing them to sell both for €46.9 million below their combined market values.